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Since 1991, the Foundation for Cardiac Surgery Development in Zabrze has been implementing research on the artificial heart. In 1995, an artificial ventricle, POLVAD, was implanted to a patient, and in 1998, the prototype of a clinical controller, POLPDU-401, was created. A further development of the studies on an implantable artificial heart requires an integrated approach and an application of advanced...
Protein adsorption on solid surfaces is a widespread phenomenon of large biological and biotechnological significance. Conformational changes are likely to accompany protein adsorption, but are difficult to evidence directly. Nevertheless they have important consequences, since the partial unfolding of protein domains can expose hitherto hidden amino acids. This remodeling of the protein surface can...
Hemocompatibility test of medical materials aims to detect adverse interaction between artificial surface and blood, which can activate or destruct blood components. In arterial flow conditions, due to a high shear stress, platelet is the cell critical for the hemocompatibility compliance. A classical instrumentation for the dynamic test of hemocompatibility involves a flow chamber with a contact...
The state of education in materials science in the UK is reported, based on a National Subject Profile developed by the UK Centre for Materials Education. The curriculum content and methods of teaching are reviewed, and compared with the results of the largest ever education survey of materials scientists at Euromat 2009. A wide range of national opinions are presented, but the overall state of materials...
Tissue engineering is a promising tool for the creation of a new type of the heart valve bioprothesis. The biological scaffold composed of decellularized tissue has been successfully used for the constructions of the valve prosthesis. An analysis of the efficiency of the valve leaflet acellularization methods and the influence of those methods on the morphology and the biomechanical properties of...
Functionalization of surfaces is an important task for nanotechnology to add specially designed physico-chemical properties to materials. Besides chemical modification of surfaces, physical adaptations gain increasing interest. Thus, understanding the influences of film deposition on surface topography formation is the basis for future developments. For physical or chemical vapour deposited (PVD,...
A combined experimental and numerical approach was applied to develop a basic understanding of the fatigue damage process taking place at edges exposed to cyclic mechanical loads. A recently developed cyclic edge-loading test was used in order to simulate the fatigue loading of the edges of manufacturing tools and to study the microscopic damage mechanisms. Accompanying finite element calculations...
The paper presents the current state of works conducted by the Zabrze team under the Robin Heart surgical robot and the Robin Heart Uni System mechatronic surgical tools project as a example of introducing technology and materials advances for progress in surgical robots. The special intention of the author is to show the review of the current and futuristic medical robots needs in the area of material...
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful diagnostic tool for the determination of structure/property relationships of materials. A comprehensive analysis of materials requires a combined use of a variety of complementary electron microscopical techniques of imaging, diffraction and spectroscopy at an atomic level of magnitude. The possibilities and limitations of quantitative TEM analysis...
The role of phase transformation theory in contributing to the development of innovative steels is assessed, focusing on examples where the relationship is transparent. Virtually all of the major transformations, ranging from those which necessarily involve diffusion, to others where the change in crystal structure is achieved by a deformation, are considered.
Modern man-made engineering materials demonstrate excellent mechanical properties, but the lack of the ability of self healing, i.e. the ability to remove or neutralise microcracks without (much) intentional human interaction, which is typical for most materials as encountered in nature. Such self-healing behaviour requires the presence of mobile species, atoms or molecules, in an otherwise solid...
The aim of this paper is to show the recent progress in multi length scale modelling of the engineering materials. This progress is demonstrated using a series of examples addressing, in particular, the role of effect of the grain boundaries in shaping properties of nano-polycrystalline metals.
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